9th schedule of indian constitution wikipedia Ninth Schedule Article 31B Ninth Schedule 1 The Bihar Land Reforms Act 1950 Bihar Act XXX of 1950 2 The Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act 1948 Bombay Act LXVII of 1948 3 The Bombay Maleki Tenure Abolition Act 1949 Bombay Act LXI of 1949 4 The Bombay Taluqdari Tenure Abolition Act 1949 Bombay Act LXII of 1949 5
The Ninth Schedule contains a list of central and state laws which cannot be challenged in courts Currently 284 such laws are shielded from judicial review The Schedule became a part of the Constitution in 1951 when the document was amended for the first time 9th Schedule The 9th schedule was drafted by the first government of independent India in the tenure of J L Nehru It represents a drastic but innovative technique of amending the Indian Constitution It is a method to bypass the judicial review and judicial scrutiny
9th schedule of indian constitution wikipedia
9th schedule of indian constitution wikipedia
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This is achieved by inserting laws contrary to the fundamental rights provisions into Schedule 9 of the Constitution Schedule 9 protects such laws from judicial review The typical areas of restriction include laws relating to property rights and affirmative action in favour of minority groups such as the scheduled castes scheduled tribes The Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India lists nationally recognised regional languages of the Republic of India
The Ninth Schedule is a special provision in the Constitution of India that allows the legislature to exempt certain laws from judicial review through a constitutional amendment The Ninth Schedule was brought by adding new Article 31B which along with Article 31A enacted with the aim of protecting laws related to agrarian reform and to Are Laws in the Ninth Schedule completely Exempt from Judicial Scrutiny Keshavananda Bharati v State of Kerala 1973 The Supreme court upheld the judgement in Golaknath and introduced a new concept of Basic structure of the Indian Constitution and stated that all provisions of the constitution can be amended but those
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Since 1951 the Ninth Schedule has been expanded constantly so much that today 284 Acts are included therein By the First Constitution Amendment Act 1951 13 laws were added to the Ninth Schedule It was again amended by Fourth Constitutional Amendment Act and six more Acts were added By the 17th Amendment Act 44 laws were added Schedule 9 was added to the Constitution by the 1st Amendment Act of 1951 It was introduced with the aim of protecting certain laws related to land reforms and the abolition of the zamindari system from being challenged in the courts on the grounds of violating the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution
The constitution of India is the framework for political principles procedures and powers of the government It is also the longest constitution in the world Originally it consisted of 395 Articles arranged under 22 Parts and 8 Schedules Q1 How many Schedules are there in India There are 12 Schedules in the Indian Constitution Q2 What is the 11th and 12th Schedule of India Eleventh Schedule It contains the provisions that specify the
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9th schedule of indian constitution wikipedia - The first amendment to the Indian Constitution added the Ninth Schedule to it It was introduced by the Nehru Government on 10 May 1951 to address judicial decisions and pronouncements espe cially about the chapter on fundamental rights